Miscellaneous resources

Resources by type of risk

Resources by territory

Use the portal RRC

Understand the risks

I prepare efficiently

In case of an emergency or disaster

Specific needs and practical issues

A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society at any scale due to hazardous events interacting with conditions of exposure, vulnerability and capacity, leading to one or more of the following effects : loss and impacts on human, material, economic, and environmental. (UNDRR)

The vulnerability is defined by the characteristics and circumstances of a community or a system that make it susceptible to the effects of a hazard. (UNDRR)

Exposure is the situation of people, infrastructure, housing, production capacities and other human assets tangible located in high-risk areas. (UNDRR)

The capacity is the combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within an organization, a community or a society to manage and reduce disaster risks and strengthen resilience. (UNDRR)

The risk is the combination of the probability of an event and its negative consequences. The risk involves the potential loss of human lives, injuries, or property destroyed or damaged, which could occur to a system, society or a community in a given period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and capacity. Risk is the product of a hazard (the event was likely to harm people, property and/or the environment) and a issue (persons, property or the environment) is likely to suffer injuries and damages. (UNDRR ; Ministry of the ecological transition and territorial cohesion)

Risk = hazard x issue

A hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of human life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, socioeconomic disruption, or environmental damage. (UNDRR)

A natural hazard is a process or natural phenomenon that may cause loss of human life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, socioeconomic disruption, or environmental damage. (UNDRR)

The issues are the people, property, systems, or other elements present in the areas of risk, and are thus subject to potential losses. (UNDRR)

The danger is the result of a process, phenomenon or human activity that may cause loss of human life, injury or other consequences on health, property damage, social disruption, and economic or environmental degradation. (UNDRR)

A flood corresponds to the flooding temporary areas typically out of water. It may be due to the overflow of a river ; to the urban runoff ; to a rising water table ; a marine flooding. (Georisques)

The earthquakes or earthquakes are the shaking of the ground resulting from the release of brutal energy along a fault. (Georisques)

The tropical cyclones are also known as hurricanes or typhoons, depending on the region. A tropical cyclone is a storm in a quicker rotation that starts above the tropical oceans and the speed, the size and intensity can vary. (World Meteorological Organization)

A storm is characterized by a strong wind, usually accompanied by heavy rainfall, storms can cause significant damage to human and material resources. (Georisques)

The eruptions volcanic can be divided into two types : explosive and effusive.

An explosive eruption emits materials at high temperature, but, for the most part solid, and releases a large amount of gas.
An eruption effusive, she rejects the fluid lava that flows along the slopes.

(Georisques)

Risk coasts :

• The marine flooding during storms, when the sea level rises of several metres, and the wave may enter on the land, causing coastal flooding. These may last a few hours to a few days. Some are trivial, but others can be dramatic.
• The tsunamis can reach several tens of meters high. Caused by an earthquake, a volcanic eruption or a landslide underwater, these waves begin by a withdrawal of the sea away from the coast, before going up very quickly, resulting in currents violent and destructive.

The ground movement are displacements natural soils and sub-soils. Their occurrence depends on many parameters, such as the nature of the soil, the configuration of the location, surface and sub-soil, or weather.

These movements can be classified into two categories :

• slow movements, which deform gradually the ground and eventually damage to the buildings ;
• fast movementssudden and brutal, that may endanger persons and cause significant damage.

The climate represents the average weather conditions observed at a specific location over a long period of time, ranging from months to thousands or millions of years. The WMO uses a 30-year period to determine the average climate. ((World Meteorological Organization)

The climate change corresponds to all the changes in the climate system that persist over the long term (longer than a weather event). There are two definitions proposed by the UNDRR :

(a) A change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and / or variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to internal processes in natural or external forcings, or to changes in anthropogenic persistent of the composition of the atmosphere or in land use. The intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC)

(b) A change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to 13 natural climate variability, observed over comparable time periods. The United Nations Framework Convention on climate change (UNFCCC)

Concept and practice of the risk reduction disaster thanks to efforts to analyse and manage their causes, in particular by a reduction of the risk exposure, which allows you to reduce the vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment, and improving preparedness for adverse events. (UNDRR)

The risk management disaster is a process of systematic guidelines, operational skills, capabilities, and organization administration for implementing policies, strategies and capabilities of response appropriate to mitigate the impact of natural hazards and risks of environmental disasters and technological related. (UNDRR)

The prevention is the set of activities that allows to completely avoid the negative impact of hazards, and to minimize the environmental disasters, technological and biological, which are associated with it. (UNDRR)

L’mitigation of natural hazards is carried out by the reduction or minimization of negative impacts of a hazardous event via various strategies and actions. The mitigation measures include technical engineering and constructions that are resistant to the vagaries, as well as the improvement of environmental and social policies and public awareness. (UNDRR)

The disaster preparedness translates the knowledge and capacities developed by governments, agencies, response, and recovery, communities and individuals to anticipate, respond to and recover effectively from disaster impacts of likely, imminent or current. (UNDRR)

L’intervention or the response to the disaster measures are being taken directly before, during or immediately after a disaster to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the needs of basic living of the affected people. (UNDRR)

The recovery corresponds to the restoration or improvement of livelihoods and health, as well as goods, systems and economic activities, physical, social, cultural and environmental, a community or a society affected by a disaster, in accordance with the principles of sustainable development and the " rebuilding for the better ", in order to avoid or reduce the risk of disaster in the future. (UNDRR)

The resilience is the ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, adapt to, transform and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and effective manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its structures and basic vital functions through risk management. (UNDRR)

Early warning

Monitoring system to detect, monitor, and communicate the relevant information about the potential risks of disaster, in order to enable the population and the authorities to react in time to avoid or mitigate impacts.

Evacuation

Organized process to temporarily move people out of the risk area to a safe location, in order to protect them in case of an imminent threat.

Crisis management Plan

Strategic Document defining the procedures, responsibilities, and resources that can be mobilized before, during and after a critical event, in order to limit its impact and ensure a coordinated response.

Bag / emergency bag emergency

All basic supplies (water, food, documents, first aid kit, flashlight, radio, clothing, etc) to prepare in advance, to deal in the early hours of a disaster or evacuation.

Combined risk / cascade

Situation where a number of risks occur simultaneously or successively, resulting in amplified effects. These risks can be natural, technological or health, and their interactions increase the complexity of management.

People with special needs

Individuals who, because of their age, physical, mental, social, or economic, may experience increased difficulties in the face of disaster (reduced mobility, the elderly, pregnant women, children, homeless, etc).

Self-protection

All of the gestures and reflexes that each individual or family can take to prepare for a hazard (e.g. : shelter, prepare an emergency bag, follow the safety instructions).

Risk Culture

Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of a society which influence the way individuals perceive, anticipate and protect themselves in the face of dangers. To strengthen this culture allows you to better prepare for and limit losses.